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• Contoh Soal Toefl Pdf Dan Pembahasannya. Belajar tes cpns jadi semakin mudah dan cepat dengan sistem komputer. Tips & tricks Megerjakan Soal TOEFL ITP: Reading Section. Contoh Soal Toefl Dan Pembahasannya 2017 Pdf – Berbagi (Miguel Edwards) Soal Toefl Itp Dan Pembahasannya Pdf.
• Soal Tes TOEFL dan Pembahasan Jawaban.docx - Download as Word Doc (.doc /.docx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online. Lihat di sini untuk Contoh Tes Listening TOEFL Beserta Audio MP3 Kunci Jawaban.
• May 18, 2019 Dan kunci jawaban soal snmptn 2011 dan pembahasannya pdf contoh soal. Download contoh soal toefl pasca contoh soal tes toefl pbt download online terbaru gratis pembahasannya. Contoh soal tes toefl reading comprehension dan. Download kumpulan soal toefl + audio paper-based (pbt-itp) soal tes toefl (structure 4) dan jawaban di bawah ini kami.

Jika kalian akan mengikuti test TOEFL dalam waktu dekat ini, maka tidak salah jika kalian membaca artikel ini sampai tuntas sebagai bahan referensi kalian karena saya akan memberikan 30 Contoh Soal TOEFL Structure and Written Expression Lengkap dengan Kunci Jawaban dan Pembahasan.

Langsung saja kita mulai.

30 Contoh Soal TOEFL Structure and Written Expression Lengkap dengan Kunci Jawaban dan Pembahasan Part 1

Structure

1. … Jane has an excellent resume, she hasn’t found a job yet.

Jawab: Although
Keyword: has; hasn’t.
Pembahasan:
• However: (meskipun) jika di depan kalimat, kalimat tersebut hanya terdiri dari satu klausa.
• Yet: (namun) penggunaan sama dengan however.
• That: (bahwa) berfungsi menerangkan benda atau klausa di depannya.
• Although : (meskipun) berfungsi menggabungkan dua klausa berlawanan.

2. … several universities that have excellent engineering schools.

Jawab: There are
Keyword: several.
Pembahasan: Karena benda yang dirujuk jamak (several universities), frasa yang paling sesuai untuk menerangkan benda tersebut adalah “there are”.
There are + noun jamak – There is + noun tunggal

3. Many Middle Eastern diplomats still feel that the United States is intent … the ultimate police in the region.

Jawab: on being
Keyword: intent.
Pembahasan: Dari keempat jawaban, kata/frasa yang paling memungkinkan untuk mengikuti intent adalah “on being”. Pilihan (A) (to being) salah karena setelah to pasti Verb infinitive. Pilihan (B) (being) salah karena selain berfungsi sebagai clause modifier atau participle, being tidak bisa berdiri sendiri. Pilihan (C) (be) salah karena di depan “be” tidak ada preposisi “to”.

4. Woodrow Wilson believed the United States’ entry into World War I would put a … to the war in months.

Jawab: Stop
Keyword: a.
Pembahasan: Determiner (a/an/ the) + kata benda (noun).
Dari keempat pilihan yang merupakan benda adalah stop (pemberhentian).

5. … of New York’s Erie Canal greatly enhanced trade in the upstate region.

Jawab: The completion
Keyword: of.
Pembahasan: Sebelum preposisi “of” pasti noun (kata benda), dari keempat jawaban tersebut yang merupakan noun adalah “the completion”

6. A leech, after … the skin, is best removed by the application of either salt or heat.

Jawab: it attaches itself to
Keyword: after.
Pembahasan: Kata “after” sebagai preposisi (kata depan) + Gerund (Ving), Kata “after” sebagai conjunction (penghubung) + klausa (subyek+predikat). Jawaban yang paling sesuai adalah klausa “it attaches itself to” karena setelah rumpang masih ada noun (the skin).

7. … east of the Mississippi River.

Jawab: Indigo was usually grown
Keyword: east of the Mississippi River.
Pembahasan:
• Satu klausa terdiri dari paling tidak satu subjek dan satu predikat.
• Pada soal tersebut belum ada keduanya jadi jawabannya pasti subyek + predikat.
• Penyesuaian struktur kalimatnya (pasif: be + V3).
• Penambahan adverb of frequency (peletakannya di antara to be dan V3).

8. … wrote the operetta Babes in Toyland, drawn from the childhood characters of Mother Goose.

Jawab: It was Victor Herbert who

Keyword: wrote the operetta.

Pembahasan: Kata kunci “wrote” merupakan kata kerja (verb).
Kemungkinan struktur kalimat:
Subject + Predicate (wrote)
Subyek + Predicate + relative pronoun (who) + verb (wrote)

9. Some of the oldest and most widespread creation myths are … involving the all-giving “Earth Mother.”

Jawab: those
Keyword: myths.
Pembahasan: Demonstrative yang paling sesuai adalah “those” karena mengacu pada “myths” yang indefinite plural.

10. In …, disk technology has made record albums almost obsolete.

Jawab: the past decade
Keyword: in.
Pembahasan: Frasa benda yang paling sesuai untuk membentuk keterangan waktu adalah “the past decade”.
The: determiner
Past: adjective
Decade: noun.

11. In the first few months of life, an infant learns how to lift its head, smile, and …

Jawab: recognize its parents
Keyword: how to lift its head, smile, and.
Pembahasan: Kesetaraan (Concord): how to Vinf (lift)… and Vinf (recognize).

12. Juana Inez de la Cruz… Mexico’s greatest female poet.

Jawab: is considered to be
Keyword: Juana Inez de la Cruz.
Pembahasan: Pola klousa: subyek + predikat
Pada kalimat tersebut hanya ada subyek dan yang kurang adalah predikat.
Predikat bisa dalam bentuk active atau passive. Penggunaan kalimat pasif (be + V3) dikarenakan supaya kalimat tersebut mempunyai arti “Juan Inez de la Cruz dianggap sebagai penyair wanita terbesar di Mexico.

13. Because the metal mercury … in direct proportion to temperature, it was once used as the indicator in common thermometers.

Jawab: expands
Keyword: metal mercury.
Pembahasan: Pola klausa: subyek + predikat
Dalam kalimat tersebut sudah ada subjek maka yang kurang adalah predikat.
Karena hal yang diungkapkan adalah fakta (general truth), menggunakan menggunakan simple present (V1) dan kalimat aktif.

14. … what is now San Salvador, Christopher Columbus believed that he had found Japan.
Jawab: Having reached
Keyword: Christopher Columbus believed.
Pembahasan: Penggunaan participle sebagai clause modifier.
Active participle:

• Ving…/ Being… : bermakna because/ while
• Having V3… : bermakna after

Passive participle:

• V3… : bermakna because
• Being V3 : bermakna while
• Having been V3 : bermakna after

Karena pada soal tersebut Christopher Columbus yang melakukan pekerjaan berurutan, menggunakan active participle (Having V3).

15. The principal purpose of aviation medicine is … by people aboard an air craft in flight.

Jawab: to study the stress experienced
Keyword: medicine is… by people.
Pembahasan: Pola: To be + Ving/ V3/to Vinf Pola passive voice: to be + V3 by Pola passive participle: V3 by…
Jawaban yang paling sesuai adalah “to study the stress experienced”.

Written Expression

16. The dwarf lemon tree, grown (A) in many areas of the world, bears fruit (B) when it is fewer than (C) six inches in high (D)

Jawab: (D) high (yang benar = height)
Keyword: six inches in high.
Pembahasan: Setelah preposisi (in, on, at, by, of, from, etc) harus diikuti noun (kata benda), jadi kata “high” (adjective/kata sifat) seharusnya diganti kata “height”.

17. The (A) brain composed of a mass of softly (B) gray matter (C) in the skull that (D) controls our intelligence.

Jawab: (B) softly
Keyword: softly gray matter.
Pembahasan:
Susunan Noun Phrase:
D: Determiner (a, an, the, etc)
O: Opinion
S: Size
A: Age
T: Temperature
S: Shape
C: Color
O: Origin
M: Material
P: Purpose (dalam bentuk V3 atau Ving)
N: NounFrasa
Frasa benda pada kalimat tersebut seharusnya soft (opinion) gray (color) matter (noun).

18. Polluter (A) is a topic of such importance (B) today that even elementary school children are well informed (C) about its (D) dangers.

Jawab: (A) Polluter
Keyword: Polluter
Pembahasan: Kata yang seharusnya digunakan adalah pollutant (penyebab polusi).

19. Best (A) represented in a famous oil painting (B) by da Vinci, The Last Supper it (C) is an important part of the history (D) of Christianity.

Jawab: (C) it
Keyword: The Last Supper it is.
Pembahasan: Dalam satu klausa seharusnya hanya ada satu subjek dan satu predikat, karena pada kalimat di atas terdapat subjek ganda, maka kata “it” harus dihilangkan.

20. Together with (A) his friend Little John, Robin Hood are (B) fondly (C) remembered (D) today by millions of people.

Jawab: (B) are
Keyword: Together with.
Pembahasan: Noun setelah together with tidak memengaruhi perubahan predikat.
Pada kalimat tersebut subjectnya adalah Robin Hood, maka predikatnya seharusnya was (tunggal, lampau).

21. In Vermont, the (A) sap the maple tree is (B) the primary (C) ingredient in (D) producing maple syrup.

Jawab: (A) the
Keyword: The sap the maple tree.
Pembahasan: Kalimat tersebut memiliki subjek ganda sehingga harus ditambahkan of sebelum the maple tree. Hal ini karena the sap tersebut merupakan bagian dari maple tree.

22. After to have (A) won (B) the 1945 Pulitzer Prize for A Bell for Adano, John Hersey wrote (C) a nonfiction book about (D) the bombing of Japan.

Jawab: (A) to have
Keyword: after.
Pembahasan: Kata “after” sebagai preposisi (kata depan) + Gerund (Ving), Kata “after” sebagai conjunction (penghubung) + klausa (subyek + predikat).
Pada kalimat tersebut seharusnya “after having won…”

23. The smallest hummingbirds beat (A) their wings 70 times (B) a second (C) and are about two inches (D) long.

Jawab: (D) inches
Keyword: two Inches long.
Pembahasan: Frasa yang seharusnya digunakan two-inch long, “two-inch” pada kalimat ini merupakan adjective.

24. Quality, price, and located (A) are (B) often considered to be (C) the primary concerns in buying (D) a house.

Jawab: (A) located
Keyword: quality, price, and located.
Pembahasan: Penggunaan concord (kesetaraan)
Kata “located” seharusnya diganti menjadi “location” supaya setara dengan quality dan price yang termasuk kata benda (noun).

25. The name (A) “America” comes from (B) Amerigo Vespucci, who (C) was a 16th-century Italian explorer (D)

Jawab : (B) comes from
Keyword: a 16th-century Italian explorer.
Pembahasan: Karena nama “America” diambil dari penjelajah Italia abad ke-16, seharusnya menggunakan past tense (V2) seharusnya dipakai adalah “came from”.

26. Marie Curie won (A) two Nobel Prizes for their (B) discoveries of radioactivity (C) and radioactive (D) elements.

Jawab: (B) their
Keyword: Marie Curie.
Pembahasan: Karena mengacu pada Marie Curie (tunggal, perempuan), pronoun yang seharusnya dipakai adalah her.

27. The developing (A) of the submarine was hindered by the (B) lack of a power source (C) that could propel (D) an underwater vessel.

Jawab: (A) developing
Keyword: the developing of.
Pembahasan: Kata di depan “of” (preposisi) harus dalam bentuk noun, dan bentuk noun (kata benda) dari developing adalah “development” (perkembangan).

28. Although humans have highly developed (A) brains, most (B) animals have acuter (C) senses than them (D)

Jawab: (D) than them
Keyword: have more acute senses than them.
Pembahasan: Karena mengacu pada kepunyaan (have more acute senses), maka pembanding yang seharusnya dipakai adalah “than theirs”.

29. The movement of the stars (A) was first noticed by early (B) travelers, who (C) used the stars to guide its (D) way across the sea.

Jawab: (D) its
Keyword: travelers.
Pembahasan: Kata “its” seharusnya diganti dengan “their” karena mengacu pada travelers (jamak).

30. Those who (A) have seen what (B) is believed to be (C) Noah’s Ark says it is the largest (D) than a modern battleship.

Jawab: (D) the largest
Keyword: than.
Pembahasan: Kata “than” menunjukkan bahwa kalimat tersebut merupakan comparative comparison, sehingga seharusnya “it is larger than”

30 Contoh Soal TOEFL Structure and Written Expression Lengkap dengan Kunci Jawaban dan Pembahasan Part 1

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Temukan soal lainnya di sini:

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Pada intinya, TOEFL reading adalah bagian terakhir dari keseluruhan rangkaian tes TOEFL sekaligus merupakan bagian yang paling panjang dengan alokasi waktu yang paling lama. Tentunya alokasi waktu ini sepadan dengan banyaknya bahan bacaan yang harus dibaca oleh para peserta tes TOEFL. Meskipun alokasi waktu yang diberikan cukup lama, Anda disarankan untuk menerapkan proses membaca cepat dan sekilas. Proses membaca semacam ini diperlukan latihan khusus karena Anda hanya perlu membaca beberapa bagian penting dari keseluruhan isi paragraf yang berkaitan langsung dengan deretan pertanyaan yang diajukan.

Contoh soal bagian lainnya bisa dipelajari dalam Contoh Soal TOEFL Listening Comprehension dan Contoh Soal Pembahasan Reading Comprehension Tes TOEFL. Untuk mendapatkan soal selengkapnya yang terdiri dari kunci menjawab soal, latihan, dan praktiknya dapat ditemukan dalam Software Genius TOEFL. Contoh Soal TOEFL Terbaru dan Kunci Jawaban Ditulis oleh. Supaya tidak terlalu lama silahkan langsung coba kerjakan Soal Toefl Tes Beasiswa dan Ujian.

Pada sesi Reading, Anda akan disajikan beberapa bacaan dengan berbagai topik atau tema dari disiplin ilmu yang berbeda- beda. Walaupun begitu, Anda tidak akan diuji mengenai pengatahuan dalam topik itu, tetapi yang akan diujii adalah tentang kemampuan reading Anda. Perlu Anda tahu bahwa semua jawaban sudah tersedia di dalam bacaan, baik secara implisit atau eksplisit. Pada saat Anda mengerjakan soal-soal Reading, Anda akan ditanya beberapa pertanyaan yang berkaitan dengan; Topik bacaan, Main idea (ide pokok), Vocabulary (kosa kata), Details (rincian), Inference(kesimpulan), Reference(penyamaan dengan objek), dan Pengecualian. Oleh karena itu, Anda harus mempersiapkan diri untuk menghadapi tes Reading dengan cara membaca bacaan (berbahasa Inggris) dari bidang apa saja, walaupun Anda tidak menyukainya

Kunci TOEFL Reading: Kuasai Teknik Pembacaan yang Benar

Pertanyaan terkait dengan topik, tema, dan ide utama paragraf merupakan beberapa pertanyaan yang paling sering digunakan. Memiliki teknik pembacaan yang baik adalah mutlak diperlukan dalam pengerjaan TOEFL reading. Teknik pertama adalah teknik skimming yaitu membaca cepat untuk mencari ide pokok atau isi bacaan secara umum. Sedangkan teknik kedua atau yang jamak disebut sebagai teknik scanning yaitu membaca cepat suatu teks untuk mencari informasi tertentu. Dapat dikatakan bahwa bagian reading merupakan bagian termudah dalam tes TOEFL karena pada dasarnya semua jawaban pasti dapat ditemukan di dalam teks.

Tips Untuk Meningkatkan Kecepatan Membaca

Kemampuan membaca dengan cepat dan baik merupakan suatu skill yang bisa berkurang maupun bertambah tergantung pada seberapa sering Anda melatihnya. Berikut adalah beberapa tips agar kecepatan membaca Anda meningkat:

1. Periksa kesehatan mata Anda (sebelum berlatih membaca cepat, pastikan bahwa Anda tidak sedang sakit mata atau mengalami kelainan pada mata Anda).
2. Hilangkan kebiasaan mengucapkan atau menyembunyikan kata ketika membaca (vokalisasi).
3. Hindari mengulang-ulang saat membaca (regressing/ rereading).
4. Perluas jangkauan mata Anda. Bacalah langsung frasa per frasa bukan kata per kata.
   Misalnya kata per kata : All of this time.
   frasa per frasa : All of this time.

5. Berlatih membaca setiap hari (berlatih sekitar 15 – 30 menit tiap hari)
6. Hitung kecepatan membaca Anda
7. Bacalah 3-4 artikel setiap harinya selama beberapa minggu
8. Bacalah teks-teks bacaan yang lebih sulit dalam hal kosa kata, model dan isisnya.
9. Gunakan finger-tracking (menggerakan jari dari atas ke bawah halaman).

Strategi Menjawab TOEFL Reading Comprehension

Walaupun jawaban pada sesi reading semua tersedia pada bacaan, namun Anda juga harus tahu strategi yang digunakan agar Anda mudah dalam mengerjakan soal-soal Reading. Strategi-strategi itu adalah sebagai berikut:

1. Skimming teks bacaan sebelum Anda melihat pertanyaan. Jangan kuatir kalau ada kata-kata yang tidak Anda mengerti.
2. Lihat/ cek pertanyaan untuk mengetahui bagian teks mana yang perlu Anda baca lebih teliti.
3. Scanning paragraf tersebut untuk mencari bagian yang perlu dibaca secara intensif.
4. Cobalah memahami arti dari kata-kata yang tidak Anda ketahui dengan memperhatikan konteks kalimat.
5. Cek pertanyaan yang ada sekalii lagi untuk memastikan bahwa Anda benar-benar telah memahami pertanyaan tersebut.
6. Kemudian jawab pertanyaan.

Contoh Soal TOEFL Reading Comprehension

Soal TOEFL reading sangat bervariasi dan memuat berbagai topik serta tema mengenai berbagai hal. Contoh berikut merupakan contoh reading yang berkaitan dengan toefl vocab. Berikut adalah contoh sebagian soal TOEFL reading dan pembahasannya:

Questions 1-10 refer to the following passage

Awarded the Nobel prize for physics in 1918, German physics Max Planck is best remembered as the originator of the quantum theory. His work helped user in a new era in theoretical physics and revolutionized the scientific community’s understanding of atomic and sub-atomic processes.

Planck intriduced an idea that led to the quantum theory, which became the foundation of twentieth century physics. In December 1900, Plnck worked out an equation that described the distribution of radiation accurately over the range of low to high frequencies. He had developed a theory which depended on a model of matter that seemed very strange at the time. The model required the emission of electromagnetic radiation in small chunks or particles. These particles were later called quantums. The energy associated with each quatum is measured by multiplying the frequency of the radiation, v, by a universal constant, h. Thus, energy, or E, equals hv. The constant, h, is known as Planck’s constant. It is now recognized as one of the fundamental constant of the world.

Planck announced his finding in 1900, but it was years before teh full consequences of his revolutionary quantum theory were recognized. Throughout his life, Planck made significant contributions to optics, thermodynamics and stastistical mechanics, physical chemistry, and other fields. In 1930, He was elected president of the Kaiser Wilhelm society, which was renamed the Max II. Though deeply opposed to the fascist regime of Adolf Hitler, Planck remained in Germany throughout teh war. He died in Gottingen on October 4, 1947.

1. In which of the following fields did Max Planck NOT make a significant contribution?
   a) Optics
   b) Thermodynamics
   c) Stastistical mechanics
   d) Biology

2. Theword “revolutionary” as used in line 13, means…
   a) Dangerous
   b) Extremist
   c) Momentous
   d) Militarist

3. It can inferred from the passage that Planck’s work led to the development of which of the following?
   a) The rocket
   b) The atomic bomb
   c) The internal combustion engine
   d) The computer

4. The particles of electromagnetic radiation given off by matter are known as…
   a) Quantums
   b) Atoms
   c) Electrons
   d) Valences

Contoh Soal Tes Toefl Dan Pembahasannya Pdf Gratis

5. The word “universal”, as used in line 10 most nearly means…
   a) Planetary
   b) Cosmic
   c) Worldwide
   d) Always present

6. The implication in this passage is that…
   a) Only a German physics could discover such a theory
   b) Quantum theory, which led to the development of twentieth century physics, is basically a mathematical formula
   c) Planck’s constant was not discernible before 1900
   d) Radiation was hard to study

7. “An idea” as used in line 4, refers to…
   a) A model of matter
   b) Emission of electromagnetic radiation
   c) Quantums
   d) The equation that described the distribution of radiation accurately over the range of low to high frequencies

8. The word “emission” as used in line 8 means…
   a) Giving off
   b) Holding on to
   c) Throwing away
   d) Taking back

9. Planck’s constant, expressed in a mathematical formula, is…
   a) e = v/h
   b) E = h/v
   c) e = h-v
   d) E = hv

10. What is known as Planck’s constant?
    a) v
    b) h
    c) e
    d) E

Jawaban dan Pembahasan

1. (d)
   Paragraf terakhir menyatakan empat bidang yang dikontribusikan oleh Planck. Biologi tidak disebut sebagai salah satu kontribusi ini.

2. (c)
   Dalam hal ini “revolutionary” memiliki arti yang hampir sama dengan “momentous”, karena penemuan Planck bersifat positif. Sedangkan pilihan lain memiliki konotasi negatif

3. (b)
   Paragraf pertama menyatakan bahwa temuan Planck “revolutionized the scientific community’s understanding of atomic and sub-atomic processes.” Maka bisa disimpulkan bahwa hasil karyanya memberi jalan ditemukannya bom atom. Penemuan-penemuan lainnya seperti yang tersebut dalam pilihan jawaban a, c, dan d bukan akibat langsung dari penemuan Planck.

4. (a)
   Bacaan diatas secara langsung menyatakan bahwa the particles of electromagnetic radiation given off by matter dinamakan quantums.

5. (d)
   Di dalam konteks teori Planck, arti dari “universal” adalah “always present” pilihan jawaban lain adalah berkaitan dengan istilah geografi atau astronomi yang sama sekali tidak sesuai.

6. (b)
   Quantum theory pada dasarnya adalah rumus matematika seperti dinyatakan dalam kalimat, “Thus energy, or E, equal hv.”

7. (d)
   “Idea” merujuk pada “equation” seperti ada dalam pilihan (d). Walupun pilihan-pilihan jawaban lain disebutkan di dalam bacaan, tetapi mereka tidak mendefinisikan tentang “idea”.

8. (a)
   “Giving off” adalah gerakan yang digambarkan di dalam frasa, “required the emission of electromagnetic radiation in small chunks or particles.”

9. (d)
   “E = hv” dinyatakan dalam bentuk kata-kata, “Thus energy, or E, equals hv”

10. (b)
    “h” adalah jawaban yang benar seperti terlihat di dalam kalimat, “The constant, h, is known as Planck’s constant.”

Apakah Sesi Reading Dapat Dijadikan Tolok Ukur Meraih Skor Maksimal?

Jika Anda gemar membaca dan menulis, maka sesi reading ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebaik mungkin untuk dapat meraih skor setinggi-tingginya. Hal ini akan sangat menguntungkan untuk menutupi skor rendah pada sesi listening dan structure sebelumnya. Sehingga akan diperoleh hasil akhir yang sesuai dengan harapan serta kebutuhan. Sebagai kesimpulan, karena semua jawaban dapat dengan pasti ditemukan di dalam teks, maka sesi TOEFL reading ini dapat dikatakan merupakan bagian termudah dari keseluruhan proses tes TOEFL.

Walaupun sesi reading memakan waktu yang lama, namun jika Anda sudah terbiasa maka akan dengan mudah dan cepat dalam mengerjakannya. Untuk membuat sesi Reading terasa mudah, Ayo biasakan diri Anda dengan mencoba kuis dibawah ini!. Kuis TOEFL Reading ini adalah satu dari tiga kuis TOEFL yang ada. Untuk mencoba semua kuis dari tiga sesi TOEFL ITP, silahkan klik Tes TOEFL Online ini!

Reading Comprehension

Quiz-summary

0 of 50 questions completed

Questions:

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
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Reading Comprehension Section

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1. 1. Question

   SECTION 3

   READING COMPREHENSION

   Time-55 minutes

   (including the reading of the directions)

   Now set your clock for 55 minutes.

   This section is designed to measure the ability to read and understand short passages similar in topic and style to those found in North American universities and colleges.

   Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by a number of questions about it. You are to choose the one best answer, A, B, C or D, to each question. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

   Answer all questions about the information in a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage.

   Read the following passage:

   John Quincy Adams, who served as the sixth president of the United States from 1825 to 1829, is today recognized for his masterful statesmanship and diplomacy. He dedicated his life to public service, both in the presidency and in the various other political offices that he held. Throughout his political career he demonstrated his unswerving belief in freedom of speech, the antislavery cause, and the right of Americans to be free from European and Asian domination.

   Example I

   To what did John Quincy Adams devote his life?

   (A) Improving his personal life
   (B) Serving the public
   (C) Increasing his fortune
   (D) Working on his private business

   According to the passage, John Quincy Adams “dedicated his life to public service.” Therefore, you should choose (B). Shaders for minecraft windows 10 bedrock.

   Example II

   In line 4, the word “unswerving” is closest in meaning to

   (A) movable
   (B) insignificant
   (C) unchanging
   (D) diplomatic

   The passage states that John Quincy Adams demonstrated his unswerving belief “throughout his career.” This implies that the belief did not change. Therefore, you should choose (C).

   Now begin work on the questions.

   Questions 1-9

   Carbon tetrachloride is a colorless and inflammable liquid that can be produced by combining carbon disulfide and chlorine. This compound is widely used in industry today because of its effectiveness as a solvent as well as its use in the production of propellants.

   Despite its widespread use in industry, carbon tetrachloride has been banned for home use. In the past, carbon tetrachloride was a common ingredient in cleaning compounds that were used throughout the home, but it was found to be dangerous: when heated, it changes into a poisonous gas that can cause severe illness and even death if it is inhaled. Because of this dangerous characteristic, the United States revoked permission for the home use of carbon tetrachloride in 1970. The United States has taken similar action with various other chemical compounds.

   1. The main point of this passage is that

   • carbon tetrachloride can be very dangerous when it is heated
   • the government banned carbon tetrachloride in 1970
   • although carbon tetrachloride can legally be used in industry, it is not allowed in home products
   • carbon tetrachloride used to be a regular part of cleaning compounds

2. 2. Question

   2. The word “widely” in line 2 could most easily be replaced by

   • grandly
   • extensively
   • largely
   • hugely

3. 3. Question

   3. The word “banned” in line 4 is closest in meaning to

   • forbidden
   • allowed
   • suggested
   • instituted

4. 4. Question

   4. According to the passage, before 1970 carbon tetrachloride was

   • used by itself as a cleanser
   • banned in industrial use
   • often used as a component of cleaning products
   • not allowed in home cleaning products

5. 5. Question

   5. It is stated in the passage that when carbon tetrachloride is heated, it becomes

   • harmful
   • colorless
   • a cleaning compound
   • inflammable

6. 6. Question

   6. The word “inhaled” in line 7 is closest in meaning to

   • warmed
   • breathed in
   • carelessly used
   • blown

7. 7. Question

   The word “revoked” in line 8 could most easily be replaced by

   • gave
   • granted
   • instituted
   • took away

8. 8. Question

   8. It can be inferred from the passage that one role of the U.S. government is to

   • regulate product safety
   • prohibit any use of carbon tetrachloride
   • instruct industry on cleaning methodologies
   • ban the use of any chemicals

9. 9. Question

   9. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses

   • additional uses of carbon tetrachloride
   • the banning of various chemical compounds by the U.S. government
   • further dangerous effects of carbon tetrachloride
   • the major characteristic of carbon tetrachloride

10. 10. Question

    Questions 10-19
    The next artist in this survey of American artist is James Whistler; he is included in this survey of American artist because he was born in the United States, although the majority of his artwork was completed in Europe. Whistler was born in Massachusetts in 1834, but nine years later his father moved the family to St. Petersburg, Russia, to work on the construction of a railroad. The family returned to the United States in 1849. Two years later Whistler entered the U.S. military academy at West Point, but he was unable to graduate. At the age of twenty-one Whistler went to Europe to study art despite familial objections, and he remained in Europe until his death.

    Whistler worked in various art forms, including etchings and lithographs. However, he is most famous for his paintings, particularly Arrangement in Gray and Black No. 1: Portrait of the Artist’s Mother or Whistler’s Mother, as it is more commonly known. This painting shows a side view of Whistler’s mother, dressed I black and posing against a gray wall. The asymmetrical nature of the portrait, with his mother seated off-center, is highly characteristic of Whistler’s work.

    10. The paragraph preceding this passage most likely discusses

    • A survey of eighteenth-century art
    • a different American artist
    • Whistler’s other famous paintings
    • European artists

11. 11. Question

    Which of the following best describes the information in the passage?

    • Several artists are presented
    • One artist’s life and works are described
    • Various paintings are contrasted
    • Whistler’s family life is outlined.

12. 12. Question

    12. Whistler is considered an American artist because

    • he was born in America
    • he spent most of his life in Americat
    • he served in the U.S. military
    • he created most of his famous art in America

13. 13. Question

    13. The world “majority” in line 2 is closest in meaning to

    • seniority
    • maturity
    • large pices
    • high percentage

14. 14. Question

    14. It is implied in the passage that Whistler’s family was

    • unable to find any work at all in Rusia
    • highly supportive of his desire to pursue art
    • working class
    • military

15. 15. Question

    15. The word “objections” in line 7 is closest in meaning to

    • protests
    • goals
    • agreements
    • battles

16. 16. Question

    • a type of painting
    • the same as a lithograph
    • an art form introduced by Whistler
    • an art form involving engraving

17. 17. Question

    17. The word “asymmetrical” in line 11 is closest in meaning to

    • proportionate
    • uneven
    • balanced
    • lyrical

18. 18. Question

    18. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passsage?

    • Whistler work with a variety of art forms.
    • Whistler’s Mother is not the official name of his painting.
    • Whistler is best known for his etchings.
    • Whistler’s Mother is painted in somber tones.

19. 19. Question

    19. where in the passage does the author mention the types of artwork that Whistler was involved in?

    • Lines 1-3
    • Lines 4-5
    • Lines 6-7
    • Lines 8-10

20. 20. Question

    Questions 20-30
    The locations of stars in the sky relative to one another do not appear to the naked eye to change, and as a result stars are often considered to be fixed in position. Many unaware stargazers falsely assume that each star has its own permanent home in the nighttime sky.

    In reality, though, stars are always moving, but because of the tremendous distances between stars themselves and from stars to Earth, the changes are barely perceptible here. An example of a rather fast-moving star demonstrates why this misconception prevails; it takes approximately 200 years for a relatively rapid star like Bernard’s star to move a distance in the skies equal to the diameter of the earth’s moon. When the apparently negligible movement of the stars is contrasted with the movement of the planets, the stars are seemingly unmoving.

    20. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

    • What the eye can see in the sky
    • Bernard's star
    • Planetary Movement
    • The Evermoving stars

21. 21. Question

    21. The expression”naked eye” in line 1 most probably refers to

    • a telescope
    • a scientific method for observing stars
    • unassisted vision
    • a camera with a powerful lens

22. 22. Question

    22. According to the passage, the distances between the stars and Earth are

    • barely perceptible
    • huge
    • fixed
    • moderate

23. 23. Question

    23. The word “perceptible” in line 5 is closest in meaning to which of the following?

    • noticeable
    • persuasive
    • conceivable
    • astonishing

24. 24. Question

    24. In line 6, a “misconception” is closest in meaning to a (n)

    • idea
    • proven fact
    • erroneous belief
    • theory

25. 25. Question

    25. The passage states that in 200 years Bernard’s star can move

    • around Earth's moon
    • next to the earth's moon
    • a distance equal to the distance from earth to the moon
    • a distance seemingly equal to the diameter of the moon

26. 26. Question

    26. The passage implies that from earth it appears that the planets

    • are fixed in the sky
    • move more slowly than the stars
    • show approximately the same amount of movement as the stars
    • travel through the sky considerably more rapidly than the stars

27. 27. Question

    27. The word “negligible” in line 8 could most easily be replaced by

    • negative
    • insignificant
    • rapid
    • distant

28. 28. Question

    28. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

    • starts do not appear to the eye to move.
    • the large distances between stars and the earth tend to magnify movement to the eye
    • Bernard's star moves quickly in comparison with other stars
    • although stars move, they seem to be fixed

29. 29. Question

    29. The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses

    • the movement of the planets
    • Bernard's star
    • the distance from earth to the moon
    • why stars are always moving

30. 30. Question

    30. This passage would most probably be assigned reading in which course?

    • astrology
    • geophysics
    • astronomy
    • geography

31. 31. Question

    Questions 31-40
    It has been noted that, traditionally, courts have granted divorces on fault grounds: one spouse is deemed to be at fault in causing the divorce. More and more today, however, divorces are being granted on a no-fault basis.

    Proponents of no-fault divorces argue that when a marriage fails, it is rarely the case that one marriage partner is completely to blame and the other blameless. A failed marriage is much more often the result of mistakes by both partners.

    Another argument in favor of no-fault divorce is that proving fault in court, in a public arena, is a destructive process that only serves to lengthen the divorce process and that dramatically increases the negative feelings present in a divorce. If a couple can reach a decision to divorce without first deciding which partner is to blame, the divorce settlement can be negotiated more easily and equitably and the postdivorce healing process can begin more rapidly.

    31. What does the passage mainly discuss?

    • Traditional grounds for divorce
    • Who is at fault in a divorce
    • Why no-fault divorces are becoming more common
    • The various reasons for divorces

32. 32. Question

    32. The word “spouse” in line 1 is closest in meaning to a

    • judge
    • problem
    • divorce decree
    • marriage partner

33. 33. Question

    • are on the increase
    • are the traditional form of divorce
    • are less popular that they used to be
    • were granted more in the past

34. 34. Question

    • there recently has been a decrease in no-fault divorces
    • not all divorces today are no-fault divorces
    • a no-fault divorce is not as equitable as a fault divorce
    • people recover more slowly from a no-fault divorce

35. 35. Question

    35. The word “proponents” in line 4 is closest in meaning to which of the following?

    • Advocates
    • Recipients
    • Authorities
    • Enemies

36. 36. Question

    36. The passage states that a public trial to prove the fault of one spouse can

    • be satisfying to the wronged spouse
    • lead to a shorter divorce process
    • reduce negative feelings
    • be a harmful process

37. 37. Question

    37. Which of the following is NOT listed in this passage as an argument in favor of no-fault divorce?

    • Rarely is only one marriage partner to blame for a divorce
    • A no-fault divorce generally costs less in legal fees
    • Finding fault in a divorce increases negative feelings
    • A no-fault divorce settlement is generally easier to negotiate

38. 38. Question

    38. The word “present” in line 9 could most easily be replaced by

    • existing
    • giving
    • introducing
    • resulting

39. 39. Question

    39. The word “settlement” in line 10 is closest in meaning to

    • development
    • serenity
    • discussion
    • agreement

40. 40. Question

    • emotional
    • enthusiastic
    • expository
    • reactionary

41. 41. Question

    Questions 41-50
    Whereas literature in the first half of the eighteenth century in America had been largely religious and moral in tone, by the latter half of the century the revolutionary fervor that was coming to life in the colonies began to be reflected in the literature of the time, which in turn served to further influence the population. Although not all writers of this period supported the Revolution, the two best-known and most influential writers, Ben Franklin and Thomas Paine, were both strongly supportive of that cause.

    Ben Franklin first attained popular success through his writings in his brother’s newspaper, the New England Current. In these articles he used a simple style of language and common sense argumentation to defend the point of view of the farmer and the Leather Apron man. He continued with the same common sense practicality and appeal to the common man with his work on Poor Richard’s Almanac from 1733 until 1758. Firmly established in his popular acceptance by the people, Franklin wrote a variety of extremely effective articles and pamphlets about the colonist’s revolutionary cause against England.

    Thomas Paine was an Englishman working as a magazine editor in Philadelphia at the time of the Revolution. His pamphlet Common Sense, which appeared in 1776, was a force in encouraging the colonists to declare their independence from England. Then throughout the long and desperate war years he published a series of Crisis papers (from 1776 until 1783) to encourage the colonists to continue on with the struggle. The effectiveness of his writing was probably due to his emotional yet oversimplified depiction of the cause of the colonists against England as a classic struggle of good and evil.

    41. The paragraph preceding this passage most likely discusses

    • how literature influence the population
    • religious and moral literature
    • literature supporting the cause of the American Revolution
    • what made Thomas Paine's literature successful

42. 42. Question

    42. The word “fervor” in line 2 is closest in meaning to

    • war
    • anxiety
    • spirit
    • action

43. 43. Question

    43. The word “time” in line 3 could best be replaced by

    • hour
    • period
    • appointment
    • duration

44. 44. Question

    • some writers in the American colonies supported England during the Revolution
    • Franklin and Paine were the only writers to influence the Revolution
    • because Thomas Paine was an Englishman, he supported England against the colonies
    • authors who supported England did not remain in the colonies during the Revolution

45. 45. Question

    • Thomas Paine
    • Ben Franklin
    • Ben Franklin's brother
    • Poor Richard

46. 46. Question

    46. The expression “point of view” in line 9 could best be replaced by

    • perspective
    • sight
    • circumstance
    • trait

47. 47. Question

    47. According to the passage, the tone of Poor Richard’s Almanac is

    • pragmatic
    • erudite
    • theoretical
    • scholarly

48. 48. Question

    48. The word “desperate” in line 16 could best be replaced by

    • unending
    • hopeless
    • strategic
    • combative

49. 49. Question

    49. Where in the passage does the author describe Thomas Paine’s style of writing?

    • lines 4-6
    • lines 8-9
    • lines 14-15
    • lines 18-20

50. 50. Question

    • discuss American literature in the first half of the eighteen century
    • give biographical data on two American writers
    • explain which authors supported the Revolution
    • describe the literary influence during revolutionary America

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